Philosophy Paper - 721 Words

Philosophy 101 PAPER # 1 The book The Republic by Plato, was written in Athens around 380 B.C. Around that time Plato wasn’t so happy with the conditions in Athens. This book is focused on the conception of justice and what it is to be just. This theory has been presented differently by each of the characters in the book, which are Cephalus, Polymarchus, Thrasymachus, and Glaucon. However, Socrates is the one who is given a challenge: to prove that justice is good and desirable. The book starts off with Cephalus giving his own conception of justice, which he believes to be â€Å"justice is nothing more than honoring legal obligations and being honest†. However, Socrate’s counterexample is â€Å"returning a weapon to a madman†. You owe the†¦show more content†¦However, injustice cannot in any way be a virtue because it is contrary to wisdom. With the thought of justice being a virtue of the soul being said, which in other words also means health of the soul , justice is good and is desirable because it means health of the soul. So a just soul means a healthy soul. Glaucon on the other hand argues that people only behave in a just way because they are scared of the punishment for injustice. He points out that the unjust life is so much more pleasant than the just one. His brother, Adeimantus agrees and adds on that people praise justice for its consequences and not because they really want to. They both challenge Socrates to show how justice is good in itself and not only for its consequences. Socrates explains that just itself is health. A just city is a healthy city. He divides the city into 3 parts: RULE, AUXILIARIES AND PRODUCERS. Rulers provide us with knowledge and are the highest part of the city. Auxiliaries are also known as warriors, they are responsible for honesty. And then there is the producers which are the lowest class of the city (farmers, doctors, etc). Their main focus is money. Since a just city is equal to a healthy city, all these three classes are supposed to do what they are responsible for. Then Socrates also divides the soul into 3 parts to match it with the city. The three parts are : reason, the spirited element, and the appetites. This, just the same as the city, a justShow MoreRelatedPersonal Philosophy Reflection Paper1203 Words   |  5 PagesFor the past six weeks, I learned how philosophy has influenced the world globally. Learning that when human beings voice their thoughts with others, they receive a chance to change the world, especially if one person speaks one on one, one personage can change the world of one body. My belief in the power of language is strengthened by philosophy. 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